Oxararfoss: A Hidden Gem in Iceland’s Þingvellir National Park

Nestled within the stunning Þingvellir (Thingvellir) National Park, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, Oxararfoss is one of Iceland’s most picturesque waterfalls. Its beauty, combined with the historical and geological significance of its surroundings, makes Oxararfoss a must-visit destination for nature lovers, photographers, and history enthusiasts alike. Located just a short distance from Reykjavik, this waterfall is easily accessible and provides a tranquil escape into Iceland's rugged landscapes.

In this guide, we’ll explore everything you need to know about Oxararfoss, from its history to how to get there, what to expect, and nearby attractions. Whether you’re planning a visit or just curious about this hidden gem, read on to discover the magic of Oxararfoss.

The Origins and History of Oxararfoss

Oxararfoss, which translates to "Axe River Waterfall," holds a special place in Icelandic history and lore. The waterfall is formed by the Öxará River, which flows into the Almannagjá gorge, one of the most significant features of Þingvellir National Park. The river was artificially redirected during the Middle Ages to ensure a better water supply to the ancient parliament, the Alþingi, which was held at Þingvellir.

Þingvellir is a site of deep historical importance. The Alþingi, one of the world’s oldest parliaments, was founded here in 930 AD. The gatherings were not only political but also judicial, where disputes were resolved, and laws were enacted. Oxararfoss, with its location near the ancient meeting site, is said to have been a vital resource for those attending the assembly. Today, the waterfall serves as a serene reminder of Iceland’s rich history.

The Geological Significance of Þingvellir and Oxararfoss

One of the most captivating aspects of Þingvellir National Park is its unique geology. The park sits at the boundary between the North American and Eurasian tectonic plates, making it a prime location to observe the effects of continental drift. The Almannagjá gorge, where Oxararfoss is located, marks the edge of the North American plate, while the nearby Hrafnagjá marks the Eurasian plate. These tectonic forces are responsible for the rifts and fissures that make the landscape of Þingvellir so distinctive.

Oxararfoss itself cascades over a basalt cliff, a reminder of the volcanic activity that has shaped Iceland’s landscape over millennia. The contrast between the dark volcanic rock and the clear, rushing water creates a striking visual that draws visitors year-round.

How to Get to Oxararfoss

Oxararfoss is conveniently located within an hour’s drive from Reykjavik, making it an ideal day trip for those staying in the capital. To reach the waterfall, you’ll need to head to Þingvellir National Park, which is easily accessible via Route 36.

Once you arrive at the park, the trail to Oxararfoss is well-marked and easy to follow. The hike to the waterfall is relatively short, around 20-30 minutes depending on your pace, and is suitable for all fitness levels. The path winds through the Almannagjá gorge, offering breathtaking views of the park’s dramatic landscape along the way. The proximity of the waterfall to the Þingvellir Visitor Centre also makes it an easy addition to any itinerary.

What to Expect at Oxararfoss

Unlike some of Iceland’s more famous waterfalls, Oxararfoss is relatively small, standing at about 20 meters (65 feet) high. However, what it lacks in size, it makes up for in beauty and tranquility. The waterfall tumbles down a steep rock face, creating a gentle mist that fills the air. Below the falls, a pool of crystal-clear water collects, surrounded by boulders that offer perfect spots for sitting and taking in the view.

One of the highlights of visiting Oxararfoss is its peaceful atmosphere. While Þingvellir can attract large crowds, particularly during peak tourist season, the trail to Oxararfoss is often less busy, allowing visitors to enjoy the waterfall in relative solitude. The sound of the rushing water combined with the stunning natural scenery creates a serene environment that invites reflection and relaxation.

The Best Time to Visit Oxararfoss

Oxararfoss is a year-round destination, with each season offering a unique experience:

• Summer (June to August): Summer is the most popular time to visit, thanks to the long daylight hours and relatively mild weather. The greenery around the waterfall is vibrant, and the weather conditions are generally favorable for hiking and exploring the park.
• Winter (November to February): Winter transforms Oxararfoss into a frozen wonderland. While the waterfall continues to flow, much of the surrounding landscape is covered in snow and ice, creating a magical scene. However, winter conditions can make the trail icy and slippery, so be sure to wear appropriate footwear and take caution when hiking.
• Spring (April to May) and Fall (September to October): These shoulder seasons offer fewer crowds and cooler weather. In the spring, you’ll see the landscape coming back to life after the winter freeze, while fall brings a palette of golden hues as the leaves change color. Both seasons are excellent for photography and quieter, more intimate visits.

Photography Tips for Capturing Oxararfoss

Oxararfoss is a dream for photographers, offering a range of opportunities to capture its beauty from different angles. Here are a few tips to help you get the perfect shot:

• Golden Hour: As with many natural landscapes, the best time to photograph Oxararfoss is during the golden hour, just after sunrise or before sunset. The soft light during these times enhances the natural colors and adds a warm glow to the scene.
• Long Exposure: For those looking to capture the silky, smooth effect of the waterfall, a long exposure shot is ideal. Bring a tripod to keep your camera steady and use a slow shutter speed to blur the motion of the water while keeping the rest of the scene sharp.
• Framing with Nature: Use the surrounding rocks, plants, and sky to create a natural frame around the waterfall. This technique can add depth and interest to your photos.
• Winter Magic: If you visit during winter, the icy surroundings offer a unique opportunity to capture the contrast between the frozen landscape and the flowing water. Be mindful of your equipment, as cold temperatures can affect battery life.

Nearby Attractions to Oxararfoss

While Oxararfoss is a highlight of Þingvellir National Park, the area is rich with other attractions that are worth exploring. Here are a few nearby sites to add to your itinerary:

• Þingvellir Church: Located just a short walk from Oxararfoss, Þingvellir Church is a small, picturesque church that dates back to the 19th century. The church is set against the dramatic backdrop of the park’s mountains and is a peaceful spot for reflection.
• Silfra Fissure: One of the most famous diving and snorkeling spots in the world, Silfra Fissure offers visitors the chance to swim between the North American and Eurasian tectonic plates. The water is incredibly clear, providing visibility of up to 100 meters, and the experience of floating between two continents is truly unforgettable.
• Almannagjá Gorge: As mentioned earlier, Almannagjá is a significant geological feature of Þingvellir. Walking through the gorge offers a glimpse into the immense power of the earth’s tectonic forces and provides stunning views of the surrounding landscape.
• Lögberg (Law Rock): This historic site is where the Alþingi gathered for nearly 900 years. It’s considered one of the most important historical sites in Iceland, and standing at Lögberg, you can almost imagine the centuries of debates and decisions that took place here.

Practical Information for Visiting Oxararfoss

• Entrance Fees: Þingvellir National Park is free to enter, but there is a small fee for parking. The revenue from parking helps maintain the park and its facilities.
• Facilities: The park offers modern facilities, including a visitor center with restrooms, a café, and informative exhibits about the history and geology of Þingvellir. There are also several well-maintained walking paths and viewing platforms.
• What to Bring: If you’re visiting Oxararfoss in the summer, bring comfortable walking shoes, a jacket for wind or rain, and a camera. In winter, make sure to wear sturdy hiking boots with good grip, as the paths can be icy. Dressing in layers is recommended, as the weather in Iceland can change quickly.